NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Components of Food are available here. These solutions include answers to all exercise questions given in the NCERT textbook. NCERT solutions for class 6 science Chapter 1 contains various type of questions like match the following, fill in the blanks, MCQ and long answer questions.
All these solutions are prepared by expert teachers with detailed explanations of every important topic. It is important for the students to go through these NCERT solutions to get knowledge of the type of question asked in the chapter.
Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Components of Food Questions and Answers
Exercise Questions
Question 1: Name the major nutrients in our food.
Answer: The major nutrients in our food are named carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. In addition, food contains dietary fibres and water which are also needed by our body.
Question 2: Name the following:
(a) The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body.
(b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.
(c) A vitamin required for maintaining good eyesight.
(d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones healthy.
Answer: (a) Carbohydrates
(b) Proteins
(c) Vitamin A
(d) Calcium
3. Name two foods each rich in:
(a) Fats
(b) Starch
(c) Dietary fibre
(d) Protein
Answer:
(a) Ghee, butter,
(b) Raw potato, rice,
(c) Spinach, cabbage, carrot, ladies finger, (any two)
(d) Milk, egg, fish, meat, pulses (any two).
4. Tick (√) the statements that are correct.
(a) By eating rice alone, we can fulfill nutritional requirement of our body. (×)
(b) Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating a balanced diet. (√)
(c) Balanced diet for the body should contain a variety of food items. (√)
(d) Meat alone is sufficient to provide all nutrients to the body. (×)
5. Fill in the blanks.
(a) ______________ is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.
(b) Deficiency of ______________ causes a disease known as beri-beri.
(c) Deficiency of Vitamin C causes a disease known as ______________.
(d) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of ____________ in our food.
Answer:
(a) Rickets is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.
(b) Deficiency of Vitamin B1 causes a disease known as beri-beri.
(c) Deficiency of Vitamin C causes a disease known as Scurvy.
(d) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin A in our food.
Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Components of Food Extra Questions
Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Components of Food From Extra Questions section includes multiple choice questions (MCQs), short and answer type questions etc. All these questions are very important from examination point of view.
Extra Questions
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
(i) The food components needed by our body are called
(a) ingredients
(b) nutrients
(c) fragments
(d) ornaments
Answer: (b) nutrients
(ii) Carbohydrates can be tested by using
(a) iodine solution
(b) caustic soda
(c) copper sulphate
(d) Fehling solution
Answer: (a) iodine solution
(iii) Which one of the following is an energy giving component?
(a) Protein
(b) Vitamins and minerals
(c) Roughage
(d) Carbohydrates and fats
Answer: (d) Carbohydrates and fats
(iv) Vitamins and minerals are
(a) protective food
(b) energy giving food
(c) body building food
(d) roughage
Answer: (a) protective food
(v) Roughage helps in
(a) protecting our body from diseases
(b) movement of bowel
(c) providing energy
(d) building and repair of various body parts
Answer: (b) movement of bowel
(vi) Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of
(a) vitamin A
(b) vitamin B
(c) vitamin C
(d) vitamin D
Answer: (c) vitamin C
(vii) Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamins are known as
(a) dietary diseases
(b) chronic diseases
(c) deficiency diseases
(d) transmitted diseases
Answer: (c) deficiency diseases
(viii) All the deficiency diseases can be prevented by
(a) cleanliness
(b) taking medicine at the proper time
(c) vaccination
(d) taking a balanced diet
Answer: (d) taking a balanced diet
(ix) Which of the following food items contains carbohydrates?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Cabbage
(d) Pulses
Answer: (a) Rice
(x) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of
(a) vitamin A
(b) vitamin B
(c) vitamin C
(d) vitamin D
Answer: (a) vitamin A
Very Short Type Answer Questions
Question 1: Which of the following food items does not provide any nutrient?
Milk, Water, Orange juice, Tomato soup
Answer: Water
Question 2: Define the term nutrient.
Answer: The components of food that are needed for proper working of body are called nutrients.
Question 3: Name two complex carbohydrates.
Answer: Cellulose and starch.
Question 4: List the water-soluble vitamins.
Answer: Vitamin B and C.
Question 5: Name fat-soluble vitamins.
Answer: Vitamin A, D, E and K.
Question 6: What causes obesity?
Answer: Eating more food than required by the body causes obesity.
Question 7: What does PEM stand for?
Answer: Protein Energy Malnutrition
Question 8: What is roughage?
Answer: Roughage is the fibrous indigestible material that adds to the bulk of food.
Question 9: Which vitamin needs sunlight for its preparation?
Answer: Vitamin D
Question 10: Raghav puts a food sample on a piece of paper and crushes it. The paper becomes translucent. In which nutrient/supplement is the food rich in?
Answer: The food is rich in fat.
Question 11: What is a balanced diet?
Answer: A diet that contains all the nutrients such as carbohydrate, proteins, fat, minerals in appropriate proportions is called balance diet.
Question 12: Sunil took some egg white in a test tube. He added 2-3 drops of Benedict solution to it and heated it. It turned red-orange in colour. Which nutrient is it rich in?
Answer: Proteins
Question 13: Which chemical reagent is used to test bread and rice?
Answer: Iodine solution
Question 14: What do you mean by vitamins?
Answer: The substances which are essential for the proper growth and nutrition but required in small quantity are called vitamins.
Question 15: Give two methods of cooking that destroy nutrients in food.
Answer: Boiling in excess water and frying destroy nutrients in food.
Short Type Questions & Answers
Question 1: Write the name of sources of protein and what are their functions in our body?
Answer: Sources of protein are beans, soya beans, gram etc. Proteins are needed for growth and repair of our body.
Question 2: Write two functions of Vitamins?
Answer: Two functions of vitamins are:
(a) Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases.
(b) Vitamins help in keeping our eyes and gums healthy.
Question 3: What is the importance of water in our body?
Answer: Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food. It also helps in throwing some wastes from body as urine and sweat.
Question 4: Name the food sources rich in dietary fibres?
Answer: Food sources rich in dietary fibres are whole grains, pulses, potatoes, fruits, and vegetables. These are mainly provided by plant products in our food.
Question 5: Why proteins are called ‘building blocks’ of the body?
Answer: Proteins are called ‘building blocks’ of body because they are needed for growth and repair of our body.
Question 6: Choose the correct option
(a) Oil is rich in ___________.(fats/protein)
(b) Lemon contains ___________. (Vitamin C /Vitamin D)
Answer: (a) Fats
(b) Vitamin C
Question 7: Why is roughage essential component of our food?
Answer: Roughage is an essential component of our food and adds to its bulk as this helps our body to get rid of undigested food.
Question 8: What is a balanced diet?
Answer: The diet that contains all the nutrients in right quantities and it also contain a good amount of roughage and water is called a balanced diet.
Question 9: What are deficiency diseases?
Answer: Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period of time are called deficiency diseases.
Question 10: Match the following
| VITAMINS | SOURCES |
| 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D | a. Sun b. Lemon c. Carrot d. Liver |
Answer:
A-carrot
B-Liver
C-Lemon
D-Sun
Question 11: Why are minerals essential for our body?
Answer: 11. Minerals are essential for proper growth of body and to maintain good health.
Question 12: Which disease is caused by the deficiency of –
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
Answer: (a) Night blindness
(b) scurvy
(c) rickets.
Question 13. What are nutrients?
Answer: The components of food that are necessary for growth and development of our body are called nutrients.
Question 14. Which are the nutrients essential for our body?
Answer: Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, roughage and water are the nutrients essential for our body.
Question 15. What is nutrition?
Answer: The process of taking nutrients from our food for the growth and development of body and to obtain energy is known as nutrition.
Question 16. Write the functions of food.
Answer: The functions of food are as follows:
- Food provides nutrients for proper growth and functioning of the body.
- Food gives protection against diseases.
- Food provides energy to carry out physical activities.
Question 17. How will you test for starch in a food sample?
Answer: Take a small quantity of a food sample, put 2-3 drops of iodine solution on it. A blue-black colour indicates that the food sample contains starch.
Question 18. How will you test for protein in a food sample?
Answer: Take a small quantity of food sample in a test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake the test tube, after that add two drops of solution of copper sulphate and ten drops of caustic soda. A violet colour indicates presence of protein in the food sample.
Question 19. How will you test for fat in a food sample?
Answer: Put the sample of food on a piece of paper and crush it. If the paper at that spot becomes translucent and greasy, the sample contains fat.
Question 20. What are the main carbohydrates found in our food?
Answer: The main carbohydrates found in our food are in the form of starch and sugars.
Question 21. Name two energy-producing nutrients.
Answer: The two energy-producing nutrients are:
- Carbohydrates
- Fats.
Question 22. Name two nutrients which protect the body from diseases.
Answer: The two nutrients which protect the body from diseases are:
- Vitamins
- Minerals.
Question 23. Name two food items which provide fats.
Answer: The two food items which provide fats are:
- Oil
- Ghee.
Question 24. Name the food each rich in:
- dietary fibre
- sugar
- protein
- starch
- fat and oil.
Answer:
Dietary fibre: Spinach, cabbage, ladyfinger.
Sugar: Milk, banana, sugarcane.
Protein: Milk, meat, fish, egg.
Starch: Rice, wheat, bajara.
Fat and oil: Butter, ghee, cheese, groundnut.
Question 25. Name the food needed:
- for strong bones and teeth
- to prevent scurvy
- to avoid constipation
- for warmth
- for growth.
Answer: (1) The bones and teeth are made up of salts of calcium and phosphorus. Calcium is found in milk, buttermilk, cheese, green leafy vegetables, ragi. While cereals, pulses, fish and meat are good sources of phosphorus.
(2) To prevent scurvy, vitamin C is required, which is found in citrus fruits, green and red peppers.
(3) To avoid constipation, roughage is very important. Roughage is mostly given by the food derived from plants, which contains enough cellulose. Most of the vegetables, fruits and whole-grain provide roughage in our food.
(4) For warmth: ghee, butter, meat, fish, etc.
(5) For growth: milk, green leafy vegetables.
Question 26. What are the roles of
(a) carbohydrates,
(b) fats,
(c) vitamins and
(d) minerals.
Answer: (a) Role of carbohydrates: Carbohydrates provide us energy.
(b) Role of fats: Fats provide us energy.
(c) Role of vitamins:
- Vitamins are necessary for various physiological activities.
- Vitamins keep us healthy and protect us from many diseases.
- Vitamins are required for the proper functioning of body parts.
(d) Role of minerals:
- Minerals help us to make our bones and teeth strong.
- They help to prepare blood.
Question 27. What do you mean by staple food?
Answer: The main food that we eat to provide us energy is called staple food. In our country, rice, chapati and bread are staple food.
Question 28. What is the function of vitamins?
Answer: Vitamins only help in the proper utilization of other nutrients such as carbohydrates and fats. Many vitamins help enzymes in their action and are called co-enzymes.
Question 29. Name any two sources of Vitamin B.
Answer: The two sources of Vitamin B are:
- Milk
- Soybean.
Question 30. Name the vitamin present in orange.
Answer: Vitamin C.
Question 31. What is the role of Vitamin C?
Answer: Vitamin C helps in proper growth, healthy teeth, gums and joints and helps the body fight against the diseases.
Question 32. Write the names of fat-soluble vitamins.
Answer: Vitamin A and Vitamin D.
Question 33. Write the names of any two water-soluble vitamins.
Answer: The two water soluble vitamins are:
- Vitamin B
- Vitamin C.
Question 34. Write the sources of fat.
Answer: ats are found in vegetable oil, ghee, butter, milk, cheese, meat, fish, cod-liver oil, etc.
Question 35. What are the sources of carbohydrates?
Answer: Rice, wheat, maize, potatoes, sugar and jaggery are the sources of carbohydrates.
Question 36. What is roughage? Why its presence in our food is important?
Answer: The rough, fibrous content of food is called roughage. Green vegetables like spinach, cabbage, ladyfinger and beans contain a good amount of roughage:
Role of roughage: Roughage helps in the movement of bowel. Roughage prevents constipation.
Question 37. Name the main constituent of roughage.
Answer: Cellulose is the main constituent of roughage.
Question 38. Which among the following provides maximum roughage to the diet if taken in equal amount? Egg, cucumber, grapes, cabbage.
Answer: Cabbage.
Question 39. Name the minerals which make our teeth and bones.
Answer: Calcium and Phosphorus.
Question 40. How are vitamins classified?
Answer: Vitamins are classified into two categories:
Water soluble vitamins, e.g., vitamins B and C.
Fat soluble vitamins, e.g., vitamins A, D, E and K
Question 41. What is a balanced diet?
Answer: A diet in which every component of food (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water and roughage) is present in proper amount is known as a balanced diet.
Question 42. How many calories does a 12-year old boy or girl need each day? How can the boy or girl get this in his/her diet?
Answer: A 12-year old boy or girl needs 2000-2200 calories per day. The boy or girl can get this by a diet including daal, rice, roti, green vegetables, ghee and a bit of jaggery.
Question 43. Why does a growing child need more minerals?
Answer: A growing child needs more minerals like calcium and phosphorus for the formation of bones.
Question 44. What is obesity?
Answer: When a person eats too much fat-containing food, then the fats get deposited in his body and he may end up suffering from a condition called obesity.
Question 45. Explain why people who eat sea-food do not suffer from goitre.
Answer: Goitre is caused due to iodine deficiency. Sea-food is a rich source of iodine and prevents the occurrence of goitre in people who eat sea-food.
Question 46. What is marasmus? What are its symptoms?
Answer: Marasmus is caused by the deficiency of proteins and carbohydrates in children.
Symptom: The child becomes so thin that loose folds of skin can be seen all over the body.
Question 47. What is anaemia? What are the symptoms of anaemia?
Answer: The deficiency of iron in the diet leads to a disease called anaemia.
Symptoms: looks pale, gets tired easily, loses weight and nails turn white.
Question 48. Why is it advised to take iodised salt?
Answer: Iodised salt contains iodine. Iodine deficiency results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland, retarded growth and mental disability. Iodized salts help us to overcome iodine deficiency.
Long Type Questions and Answers
Question 1. Why does our body need nutritious food?
Answer: We know that food is needed for the growth of our body. Food gives us energy to work and play. It gives us resistance against diseases. The components of food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water. Nutrients are the components of food that the body needs in adequate amounts for growth, to reproduce and to lead a normal healthy life. All types of nutrients have their own functions to perform, but the different nutrients must act together. So nutritious food provides energy for all the activities of body.
Question 2. Name the different food groups.
Answer: Food can be broadly sub-divided into the following three groups:
- Energy giving food. For example, carbohydrates and fats.
- Body building food. For example, proteins.
- Protective food. For example, vitamins and minerals.
Question 3. Write three important properties of a balanced diet.
Answer: A balanced diet has the following properties:
- It is rich in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and certain amino acids,
- It provides enough material to take care of the needs of growth, repair and replacement of cells, tissues and organs of the body.
- It provides energy required by the body.
Question 4. What is malnutrition? What are its harmful effects?
Answer: Malnutrition is the physical state of a person resulting either from an imbalanced diet or from physical inability to absorb nutrients properly due to some diseases.
The harmful effects of malnutrition are:
- Deficiency of any of the nutrients in our diet causes diseases.
- Deficiency of protein causes kwashiorkor disease.
- Deficiency of carbohydrate and protein causes marasmus.
Question 5. What is the effect of protein deficiency on the health of children?
Answer: If a child does not get enough protein in his food for long time, he is likely to suffer from protein deficiency. Children suffering from protein deficiency have light brown hair, face like that of an old man, always hungry, and distended stomach. They are underweight and skinny with very little flesh on bones. This disease is called Kwashiorkor.
Question 6. What are various functions of proteins?
Answer: Functions of proteins are:
- Proteins are the building materials of our body.
- Proteins are the constituents of enzymes.
- Proteins make our muscles, skin, hair and nails.
- Proteins form a red pigment in blood which acts as an oxygen carrier.
- Proteins like fibrin help in clotting of blood.
- Proteins help in repairing damaged cells, replacing wornout or dead cells and tissues.
- Proteins help to develop resistance of the body against various infections.
Question 7. Write the sources and deficiency diseases of the vitamin ‘A’, ‘B’ complex, C, D, E and K.
Answer:
| Vitamins | Sources | Deficiency diseases |
| 1. Vitamin A | Milk, butter, yellow fruits and vegetables, egg yolk, liver oil of fish. | Xerophthalmia, Night blindness, anaemia |
| 2. Vitamin B complex | Milk, egg, green vegetables, cheese, meat, germinating seeds, yeast and unpolished rice. | Beriberi |
| 3. Vitamin C | Citrus fruits, green and red peppers. | Scurvy |
| 4. Vitamin D | Milk, egg, fish, liver oil, sunlight. | Rickets |
| 5. Vitamin E | Vegetable seeds, eggs, sweet potatoes, oil, meat, sprouted grains. | Sterility |
| 6. Vitamin K | Egg yolk, liver, cheese, tomato, cabbage, soybean, cauliflower. | Improper coagulation of blood |
Question 8. Match the following items given in Column A with that in Column B:
| Column A | Column B |
| (a) Energy giving food | (i) Vitamins and minerals |
| (b) Body building food | (ii) Iodine |
| (c) Protective food | (iii) Fats, carbohydrates |
| (d) Test for fat | (iv) Copper sulphate and caustic soda |
| (e) Test for starch | (v) Oily patch on paper sheet |
| (f) Test for protein | (vi) Proteins |
Answer:
| Column A | Column B |
| (a) Energy giving food | (iii) Fats, carbohydrates |
| (b) Body building food | (vi) Proteins |
| (c) Protective food | (i) Vitamins and minerals |
| (d) Test for fat | (v) Oily patch on paper sheet |
| (e) Test for starch | (ii) Iodine |
| (f) Test for protein | (iv) Copper sulphate and caustic soda |