NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 3: Water Resources help students to score good marks in the exams. These NCERT Solutions are prepared by expert teachers and available with free PDF download option. Here we have provided answers to all the questions in a very easy language.
Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 Water Resources Questions and Answers
EXERCISES
Question 1: Multiple choice questions
(i) Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.
(a) Region with high annual rainfall.
(b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
(c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
(d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer:
(a) Not suffering from water scarcity
(b) Suffering from water scarcity
(c) Suffering from water scarcity
(d) Not suffering from water scarcity
(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multi-purpose river projects?
(a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.
(b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods.
(c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
(d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
Answer: (c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.
(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilisation of water resources.
(b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.
(c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
(d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Rajasthan Canal.
Answer:
(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have caused the overexploitation of water resources.
(b) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow and causes the sediment to settle at the bottom of the reservoir.
(c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
(d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline due to the Rajasthan canal.
Question 2: Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
Answer: Water is considered a renewable resource because it is naturally replenished through the hydrological cycle. When water evaporates from oceans, lakes, and rivers, it forms clouds and falls back to the Earth’s surface as precipitation. This replenishment process ensures a continuous supply of water
(ii) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
Answer: Water scarcity refers to the situation where the demand for freshwater exceeds its availability. The main causes of water scarcity include over-extraction of groundwater, pollution of water sources, inefficient water management practices, population growth, climate change leading to altered precipitation patterns, and unequal distribution of water resources. These factors contribute to the increasing stress on freshwater sources, posing a significant global challenge.
(iii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answer: Multi-purpose river projects have advantages such as water supply for irrigation and domestic use, electricity generation, and flood control. They facilitate economic development and provide employment. However, they also have disadvantages like displacement of communities, environmental impacts, and altered river ecosystems. These projects require careful planning and management to balance their benefits and drawbacks.
Question 3: Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
Answer: Rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is accomplished through traditional and modern techniques. Traditional methods involve constructing “khadins” and “johads” (earthen check dams) to capture rainwater, allowing it to percolate into the ground. Modern approaches include rooftop rainwater harvesting, where rainwater from roofs is collected in storage tanks. These methods alleviate water scarcity, recharge groundwater, and support agriculture and domestic needs in arid areas, making them sustainable solutions for water management.
(ii) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer: Modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being effectively implemented in both rural and urban India to conserve and store water. For example, in Gendathur, a village in Mysuru, Karnataka, villagers have installed rooftop rainwater harvesting systems in their households. This adaptation involves collecting rainwater from rooftops and storing it for future use. In Gendathur, nearly 200 households have adopted this system, making the village notably rich in rainwater. With an annual precipitation of 1000 mm and about 80% collection efficiency, each house in Gendathur can collect and use approximately 50,000 liters of water annually.
More study materials for CBSE Class 10
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