NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture help students to score good marks in the exams. These NCERT Solutions are prepared by expert teachers based on the latest pattern and edition NCERT book. Here we have provided answers to all the questions in straightforward language.

Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Questions and Answers

EXERCISE

Question 1: Multiple choice questions

(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grownon a large area?

(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture

Answer: (b) Plantation Agriculture

(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?

(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton

Answer: (b) Gram

(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?

(a) Pulses
(b) Jawar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum

Answer: (a) Pulses

Question 2: Answer the following questions in 30 words.

(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.

Answer: Tea is an important beverage crop. To grow well, the tea plant needs tropical or sub-tropical climates with moderate to heavy rainfall and well-drained fertile soil that is rich in humus and organic matter. Notable regions for tea cultivation include Assam, Darjeeling, and Nilgiris in India.

(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.

Answer: Rice is a staple food crop of India. It grows in the plains of north and north-east India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.

OR

Rice is a staple crop of India. It is produced in various regions across the country, including the fertile plains of North India (Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh), the Eastern and Northeastern states (West Bengal, Assam, Odisha), and the Southern states (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka). Rice cultivation is adapted to different agro-climatic conditions, making it a widely grown staple food.

(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.

Answer: The various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government for the benefit of farmers are − Minimum Support Price policy, provision for crop insurance, subsidy on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers, Grameen banks, Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme.

OR

The Government of India has introduced several institutional reform programs to support farmers:

  • Land Reforms: Focused on collectivization, consolidation of holdings, cooperation, and abolition of zamindari post-Independence.
  • Green and White Revolutions: Introduced in the 1960s and 1970s to increase agricultural productivity.
  • Crop Insurance: Provides protection against natural calamities and crop failures.
  • Financial Support: Includes Grameen banks, cooperative societies, and low-interest loans for farmers.
  • Kissan Credit Card (KCC) and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS): Financial and insurance support schemes for farmers.
  • Information and Price Support: Broadcasting of special weather bulletins and agricultural programs, along with the setting of minimum support prices for key crops to protect farmers from market fluctuations.

Question 3: Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.

Answer: To ensure increase in agricultural production, the government prioritised collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari system. ‘Land reform’ was the main focus of the First Five Year Plans. In the 1960s and 1970s, agricultural reforms were the order of the day. The Green Revolution and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were aimed at improving Indian agricultural productivity. During the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated. Under this, various technical and institutional reforms were introduced by the government for the benefit of farmers, e.g., Minimum Support Price policy, provision for crop insurance, subsidy on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers, Grameen banks, Kissan Credit Card, Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, and special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes like ‘Krishi Darshan’ on national television.

OR

To ensure the increase in agricultural production the Indian government has taken several key initiatives:

  1. Green Revolution (1960s-1970s): Introduced high-yielding varieties of seeds, especially for wheat and rice, along with modern techniques and inputs like fertilizers and irrigation facilities to significantly increase food grain production.
  2. White Revolution (Operation Flood): Focused on increasing milk production through the development of dairy farming, making India one of the largest milk producers in the world.
  3. Improved Irrigation Facilities: Expansion of irrigation infrastructure to provide a stable water supply for agriculture.
  4. Crop Insurance Schemes: Offering insurance to protect farmers against losses due to natural calamities, pests, and diseases.
  5. Minimum Support Price (MSP): Government guarantees a minimum price for certain key crops to ensure farmers get a fair price for their produce.
  6. Subsidies and Loans: Providing subsidies on agricultural inputs and easier access to agricultural loans to reduce the cost of farming.
  7. R&D and Extension Services: Investing in agricultural research and development and providing extension services to educate farmers about best practices and new technologies.
  8. Kissan Credit Card (KCC): Provides farmers with easy access to credit for purchasing inputs and meeting other agricultural and domestic needs.

These initiatives have been crucial in enhancing agricultural productivity, ensuring food security, and improving the socio-economic status of farmers in India.

(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.

Answer: Rice is a kharif crop grown in the plains of north and north-eastern India, coastal areas and deltaic regions. Rice requires a warm and humid climate, heavy rainfall (around 100-200 cm annually), fertile alluvial or loamy soil that can retain water, and a consistent supply of water for fields, as it is typically grown in flooded conditions.

More study materials for CBSE Class 10

NCERT Solutions for Class 10CBSE Notes for Class 10
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10Important Questions for Class 10
RS Aggarwal Solutions For Class 10RD Sharma Solutions For Class 10

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